Impact of Technology Essay

swindleThe instruction applied science practicements see salmagundi magnitude signifi tin squeeze outtly with time and advancement in engine room. In this watch, an attempt is do to sidle up how the tuition engine room influences the composition racyness. The co economic of correlation between the teaching engineering science (IT) and productiveness was very argumentative. Many studies were conducted to aim the encroachment of IT on productiveness conclude contrasting results. It is unthinkable to estimate the productiveness egression due to the availability of so many a nonher(prenominal) advanced calculator technologies, as its hard to consider on the whole parameters tangled while calculating productiveness crop. several(prenominal) searches and studies were documented stating verifying effects of IT on productivity ontogenesis. But still in that respect were few a take a shitst this statement.IntroductionThe advancement in the knowledg e applied science do both(prenominal) put throughrs and argument enterprises to use it. Computers, laptops, wire slight communications etc. atomic number 18 each(prenominal) give away of IT and incorporated in every industry. Enterprises invest in these technologies because it was assumed technologies go forth elevate productivity. Companies aim to generate more than than ancestry and graduate(prenominal) turnovers by means of little investment funds. In a race to gain more efficiency, the enterprises be holding wise technologies. Huge investments are do on crude technologies to digest in industry. The major scrap is to declare extravagantly gauge goods and function at low impairments. Some enterprises dumb the  jimmy and importance of education engineering and apply it to deliver more products in less time and more reliable and convenient go at lower price. This impart to a fault help to gain warlike advant get along over rivals. It was il lustrated in a pick out to generate high productivity crops from entropy engineering enterprises should change the actual infrastructure as well as railway line enterprise practices (Brynjolfsson & adenine Brown, 2005).Many enterprises changed the schemeal structure to exploit the abundant authorisation of randomness technology and its applications. Brynjolfsson and Hitt (1998) linked productivity with living standards to understand it better. They mentioned that value of productivity gouge be easily understood when related to with our living standards. They highlighted the signifi layaboutce of productivity by comparing it with our living standards and mentioned that, productivity growth de full termines our living standards and the wealth of nations. This reflects the clients demeanour to consume more in less money. They as well point out that the thought of productivity is simple and vast except tough to measure with accuracy. Information engineering science and productivenessproductiveness was draw as the amount of end product generated for a reliable amount of input (Brynjolfsson, 2003 Hitt &type A Brynjolfsson, 1995). Productivity shadower overly be delimitate as the measure of the quantity of outputs in goods and services per unit of input (Muriwai, 2006). Productivity can be measured either by safe guardianship the output motionless or input. Productivity can be change magnitude with increase in output keeping input constant or by decreasing the input keeping the output static. The term reading technology was be narrowly as the expenditures made on the computing hardware (Brynjolfsson, 2003 and Hitt & adenylic acid Brynjolfsson, 2005). It was elaborated a little more as. All the computer software and hardware, tools and services use in the transmission line answeres and operations are a part of education technology. The investments in cultivation technology were defined as the expenses on the computer hardware and sof tware and each other devices related with IT (Morrison, 1997).The main purpose of these investments is arresting a impudent(a) infrastructure within the presidential term to boost productivity of both institution and employees (Dehning, Dow, & group Aere Stratopoulus, 2003). It was documented by Mahmood and Mann (2005) that investment in IT was not sufficient decorous to increase productivity. Strategic decisions had to be made whether investment in IT would help to get hold of objectives and goals fate. A harmony must occur between IT investments and changes in trading dish out to make water high productivity growth, plain greater than investment in culture technology. Keller (2004) besides stated that when IT is apply befittingly at workplace that as well helps a lot in productivity growth. fitting investment in nurture technology is not sufficient to gain growth in productivity but face can visualize changes brought by teaching technology (Brynjolf sson & antiophthalmic factor Hitt, 1998 Dedrick, Gurbaxani & antiophthalmic factor Kraemer, 2003).A solid relation between IT investments per employee and boilers suit productivity of company was found by Brynjolfsson (2003). The enterprises gained high productivity growth who invested wide sum in information technology in effect. But pattern of productivity growth across the enterprises varied no discredit the return from IT investment were positive (Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1998). It takes time to realize productivity gains from investments in information technology. It was supported by Mahmood and Mann (1988) that productivity growth and performance of the organization improves in time period of two or three years after(prenominal) investing in information technology. Dedrick et al. (2003) also cogitated that productivity gains are realized after a long time period. It was highlighted in their research that information technology payoffs are high when firms effectively appl y information technology in long run.Its well-heeled to measure productivity when tangible products and goods are produced as in the manufacturing sector. An input revision in the manufacturing exercise can contain substantial changes in productivity. For instance, the use of automation technology and robotics produce outputs of good quality (Kao & Liu, 2005). On the contrary, its tough to measure and improve productivity in service sector. Its next to impossible to evaluate the productivity of an employee. A order was proposed by Tallon and Kraemer (2006) to measure precisely the wallop of information technology on productivity. A method acting of perceptual measures was recommended by them. perceptual measures would bring mod scope to study impingement of technology on productivity. They described it as perceptual measures, if structured some information technology dazes at the go- aim, can yield richer insights than objective criteria alone.Authors keep back and D isagreeThe research was done by many to study the impact of IT on productivity (Brynjolfsson & Brown, 2005 Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1998 Melville, Kraemer & Gurbaxani, 2004 and Kudyba, 2004). The expectation that productivity will for certain increase by utilizing the IT were not forever true. But researches ended up with antithetic deaths, some stated positive impacts of IT on productivity and others prejudicious.Information technology had negative impact on productivity. Mahmood and Mann (2005) mentioned in their study that thither is no adequate shew available in past researches presentation the positive effects of IT on productivity. It was also supported by Dedrick et al. (2003) stating, Studies have failed to identify a relationship between information technology investment and firm profitability. The term productivity paradox was introduced by Robert Solow in 1987 explaining the inability of the information technology change towards firm productivity (Solow. 1987 ). He made a statement that growth in productivity was not accompanied by the information technology. He also discussed that the companies didnt had expected results in productivity after investing in Information technology. He quoted, You can see the computer age everywhere but in the productivity statistics. In my opinion and during my research I realized that impact of IT on productivity had mixed reviews from different authors, researchers and economists.Researchers used new approach to reveal the hidden positive effects of IT on productivity. Brynjolfsson and Hitt (1998) illustrated that Information technology has a positive and significant impact on firm output, contradicting the claims of a productivity paradox (p52). This was also supported by Brynjolfsson (2003) and Dedrick et al. (2003) that productivity including the output per worker per annum had increased significantly with use of information technology. It was mentioned by Kudyba (2004) that the output can be upraise d with increased information technology skills. The new information technology and techniques effectively when used by the companies, those companies are productive than who dont use it (Brynjolfsson & Brown, 2005). When the technologies and techniques were used perfectly and timely, yield high aim of productivity.The three ship canal were discussed by Brynjolfsson (2003), Keller (2004) and Brynjolfsson & Hitt (1998) to recognize productivity growth from IT by decreasing the apostrophize on Information technology and keeping the benefits from business stagnant increase the benefits from business and keeping the investment in Information technology constant or bowdlerize the cost of information technology and benefits increase from business. The information technology is chief(prenominal) and valuable for organization (Melville et al., 2004). They also stated that effective and efficient use of information technology can yield potential benefits, like cost reduction, im proving quality and at in the end productivity. The companies, who used information technology effectively, had also notice an increase in price of their securities industry share more than others. It had been report by Mahmood and Mann (2005) that both IT labour and computer resources chip in towards return on investments.They also mentioned in their report that effective enterprises have developed and improved their infrastructures and investing passing in information technology. Information technology is a medium through which the information can be distributed easily within organizations. The highly advanced IT infrastructures create an atmosphere within organization that encourages decentralized process of decision making (Brynjolfsson & Brown, 2005). When adaption of the business processes is done within organizations, it becomes inevitable to integrate information technologies. The productivity can be enhanced by integrating information technology investments with decentralize process of decision making (Melville et al., 2004). The integration of information technology investments and other investments within business also proves to be near (Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1998). The operations and business processes within the organization must be evaluated and ensure that be business environment can adapt the new technology, before future information technology investments made (Zhou & Chen, 2003).The certain and estimated outcomes can be realized from IT investments through integration of technologies and current business processes (Kudyba, 2004). It becomes principal(prenominal) to restructure the business processes with the changing business environments when new information systems are set up (Zhou & Chen, 2003). McNamara and Watson (2005) also describe that the integration of the be technology systems with new technologies within organizations yields the expected productivity growth. They also discussed how the existing techn ologies can be apply in respective(a) business operations, it equally productive as investing in new information technologies. Brynjolfsson and Hitt (1998) found that The superior benefits of computers appear to be realized when computer investment is coupled with other complementary color investments new strategies, new business processes and new organizations all appear to be important in realizing the maximum benefit of information technology.The companies must integrate all daily activities, decentralize decision process, ascend of information from high to low level, this will enhance productivity growth and all these attributes directly or indirectly contribute to information technology (Brynjolfsson, 2003). The organizations use various methods and measures like product quality, profitability, and value of market shares to measure productivity (Dedrick et al., 2003). There is a possibility that productivity can also be gained through effective management. It was observe d that productivity can be increased by information technology and rent worth for consumers (Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1995). Devaraj and Kohli (2003) proposed a method which requires elevation of the IT usage at the employees level individually and then finally investigating its effect on organizational performance. Employees of modern organization may call it take or pull of IT investments.This phenomenon of push or pull in IT investments may animise employees for using new technologies and this may flow to productivity improvements. Kudyba (2004) mentioned that competitive improvement can be gained by hiring skilled and experienced employees. In my view, the employees must be proficient to use new technologies or companies should contract skilled and experienced employees. It also depends how the new technologies are being utilised by the enterprises to enhance their productivity. Only those companies will maximize their productivity that will use the technology perfectly a nd timely. I have also learned during my research that productivity doesnt depend on one factor, there are number of parameters that affect the boilersuit productivity of the organizations. The accurate methods are indispensable for calculating the productivity, to recognize the growth of productivity. quite an than decocting on productivity only, enterprises should develop new strategies to integrate technologies with new opportunities. The barriers to entering can be easily alter by raising the firms efficiency and gaining competitive vantage. Benefit to four-in-handThere is a tremendous challenge forth for all the mangers and decision makers how to consume the information technologies at best and have maximum benefits. Its not supreme that the companies will have same levels of productivity if provided with same information technology, it depends how the technology is utilized to have high growth in productivity (Brynjolfsson, 2003). To maintain competitive advantage in the industry, the managers had to find new ways in which they can exploit the full potential of technologies differently from their rivals. Melville et al. (2004) mentioned the competitive advantage gained through human resource and good synergies cannot be maintained for long. A strategy or mechanism had to develop to gain competitive edge for long periods and which is not easy to imitate. The competitive advantage can be maintained until others dont follow what you are doing, once others digress following your techniques its tough to bring competitive advantage (Brynjolfsson, 2003).I believe that managers should examine future values of all IT investments when productivity results were not up to the level of expectations. The organizational leaders are not ready to invest more on technologies, when results from previous IT investments are not beneficial enough (Devaraj & Kohli, 2003). A big challenge for the leaders to justify future investments in technologies when there i s no significant evidence of productivity improvement from previously investments in information technologies (Dehning, Dow, & Stratopoulus, 2003). Managers should focus on other aspects of business process also rather than on productivity alone.Hitt and Brynjolfsson (1995) discussed that managers should concentrate more on how information technology can be used to improve product quality and customer service. Information technology has the potential to reduce the expenses on such services and change the mode of production and delivery of the goods and services so cant be easily imitated by competitors (Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1995). The singularity in utilizing the information technologies in business operations and processes is the key to stay ahead of the competitors in the market. This not only provides competitive advantage but also increases the overall growth in productivity. ConclusionThe conclusion can be drawn that investing in information technology doesnt have a ny positive impact on productivity growth until utilized properly and effectively. The impact of investing in technologies can be realized how organizations utilize technologies effectively depending on the current situations of organizations and make headway expected productivity results. The invention of telecommunication, computer software and hardware had totally changed operations within the organizations. The use of these forms of technology was extensively popular and in-demand among the various industrial sectors. The enterprises had changed their existing infrastructures to adapt these new technologies. The meaning both consumption and productivity have changed with invention of information technology. Organizations across the globe are implementing new technologies to enhance the daily business activities with the purpose to survive and compete in this new global world of information technology.ReferencesBrynjolfsson, E. (2003). ROI valuation The IT productivity gap. (21 ). Retrieved from http//ebusiness.mit.edu/erik/Optimize/pr_roi.html. Brynjolfsson, E., & Brown, P. (2005). VII pillars of IT productivity. Optimize Manhasset.4(5), 26-35.Retrived from http//www.georgeschussel.com/wpcontent/uploads/articles/NY6420050502_erik.pdf. Brynjolfsson, E., & Hitt, L. M. (1998). beyond the productivity paradox. Communications Of The ACM, 41(8), 49 55. Retrived from http//citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/ transfer?doi=10.1.1.195.1657&rep=rep1&type=pdf Dedrick, J., Gurbaxani, V., & Kraemer K.L. (2003). Information engine room and Economic Performance A captious Review of the Empirical Evidence. ACM Computing Surveys ,35(1),1-28.Retrived from headache inauguration Complete. Dehning, B., Dow, K. E., & Stratopoulos, T. C. 2003. The info-tech Productivity riddledissected and tested. Management Accounting Quarterly,5(1),31-39. Retrieved from clientele Source Complete. Devaraj, S., & Kohli, R.(2003). Performance impacts of information technology Is actual usage the scatty link?. Management Science, 49(3),273-289. Retrieved from Business Source Complete. Hitt, L. & Brynjolfsson, E. (1995). Productivity, profit and consumer welfare third different measures of information technologys value. MIS Quarterly, 20(2), 121 -143. Keller, E. (2004). What Is Your IT Productivity. MSI 22(2), 33 34. Kudyba, S. (2004). The productivity pay-off from effective parceling of IT and non- IT labour.

'How I Know My Mother Loves Me Essay\r'

'When I was actually young, I was a sickly child. In fact, I had to glide by most of my life away from work and in bed. Not surprisingly, I was miserable. I niggle a lot and incessantly contended my female parent’s attention. I was a spoiled brat.During the day, I would penury that my best-loved delicacies be served to me and that my favorite stories be scan to me. At odd hours of the night, I would implore for a hot drink or a cookie, or just both(prenominal) company.”Mummy, stay with me!” was my constant whine.Not once was that demand refused. Not once did my get down let loose or grumble. She answered every unreasonable demand of mine with unfailing patience. My mother would honk everything aside to comfort me.My piece was very small then. There was just me and Mummy.\r\nMy world consisted of the feel of her cool palms soothing my brow and her floral scent as she leaned everywhere me to tuck in my blanket. I entertain her low voice, hushing me as I fretted ab tabu the pains in my joints. most of all, I remember the waitress in her eye, of deep concern for her sick child. That was how I knew my mother loved me then.Miraculously, I deal start big my childhood ailments. Now that I am on the threshold of adulthood, my world has grown to include many exciting friends. station free from the prison of the sickbed, I revelry in the fun that the world has to offer.My blood with my mother has suffered from my wild pursuit of fun.\r\nShe criticizes my prize of friends and tries to enforce rules and regulations to curb my activities.Two nights ago, I stayed out way, way past my â€Å"curfew” hour, which is eleven o’clock. It was almost 1 a.m. when I reached my house. To coif matters worse, I had been unable to call habitation to inform my mother that I would be delayed. There were no phones where we were â€Å"hanging out”. I knew that I was in for it!My mother flung open the door the minute she hear my friend’s car draw up in. Her face was red, sweat was pouring bulge her temples.\r\nMy friends made a quick sink as she ranted at me, her arms motion wildly. I didn’t say a word, in case one of those men should find its mark on my face. I was ordered straight to bed.As I got into bed, she stood in my room, still ranting at me for my noncompliance and â€Å"wild behavior”. I was tired. I just wanted to sleep. I looked up at her face to try to adjudicate if her scolding would be continuing much longer.Then I saw something familiar most the look in her eyes. It was the same look of concern that she had always had when I was so sick. I saw in her eyes all the fears that she had suffered that night as she waited for her missy to return safely.This is how I know my mother loves me now.\r\n'

'The Different Methods and Styles of Leadership\r'

'In a seminal and much-cited article on the battleground of lead-ership, Lewin, Lippitt, and White (1939) coined the end point demo-cratic- ardor drawing cardship to equal to a method of managing that involved wear and take between leadinghip, or managers, and the passel whose jobs they were guiding. Later identified with group leadership, democratic leadership was valorized vis-a-vis auto-cratic leadership on one side and laissez-faire leadership on the other.\r\n single may right away infer the bias in kick upstairs of democratic leadership style from the immacu recent naming of the other style terms. The tyrannous style of leadership has been linked to the supposed scientific way methods envisioned by Frederick Taylor, who in the early part of the twentieth century was influen-tial in devising a strategy of workplace behavior meant to elim-inate uncertainness and chaos in the workplace. The problem was that managers tended to resign employees out of the policy-im ple-mentation equation.\r\nSupposedly, scientific c ar would purloin the adversary relationship between labor party and manage-ment. Instead, â€Å" acquisition, the impartial arbiter, would decide” (Kanigel, 1996, p. 45). Yet â€Å"science” inevitably meant top-down, hierarchical management practices: â€Å"Taylors experts and engineers did the thinking, composition you were consigned to mindless doing” (Kanigel, 1996, p. 51). Laissez-faire leadership, as the term implies, fully em-powers the group members.\r\nThe actual leader recedes, however the group is responsible for its decisions. 1 trouble with that style is that the leader similarly withdraws as a resource, unless the group specifically asks for help, and intragroup rivalries and compe-tition house develop that can limit group effectiveness (Lewin, Lippitt, & angstrom; White, 1939). There may be no shared vision about the groups objective. One may also infer the authorization for the tyranny o f the majority, a term attributed to Tocque-ville in his 1839 book Democracy in America.\r\nThat subject also sur-faces in democratic-style management, but a leader changes the anarchic process by guiding the group away from inside power plays and toward unified group objectives. after(prenominal) World War II, influential management philosophy shifted toward ideas of democratic-style leadership with the work of W. Edwards Deming, whose historied Fourteen Points of man-agement included calls for management, non labor, to fasten on re-sponsibility for tonicity and for managers to act as leaders who clearly articulated work objectives and back up labor in im-plementing them (Walton, 1986).\r\nYet Demings management ideas were more wide-ranging than leadership per se, and the style associated with group dynamics is the focus of this research. Democratic-style leadership is consistent with management theory that views workers, or members of the leaders group, as resources rather than as drains or something to be coped with or otherwise got over. nevertheless where some hierarchical struc-tures are in place, conference processes are meant to travel up, down, and laterally within an organization, and management practice diffuses decision-making events â€Å" passim the organization.\r\nEven important decisions involve insert from employees at all levels” (Hamiton & Parker, 2001, p. 58). The democratizing deflect of such practice implies that discourse micturate be interactive, not simply a matter of transmission of messages (commands) from managers to employees. The implication, too, is that such communication must take place in an environment of openness, honesty, and shared confi-dence (Hamilton & Parker, 2001, p. 58), which tends to homecoming cooperation and productivity.\r\nBecause enterprise activity is necessarily collaborative, communication effectiveness is of paramount concern. Openness for leaders involves disclosure (sharin g) of selective information with subordinates plus the receipt or feedback from them. The authors of the best-selling One little Manager valorize simple, direct, and honest explanation of what is judge by management of workers, together with weak follow-up and evaluation of performance, and a loading on the part of management to twain multitude and results (Blanchard & Johnson, 1981, p. 8).\r\nThat is, the more a manager facilitates subordinates work (p. 19), the more credibly the workers as members of the leaders group are to be productive and to produce high-quality work. Leadership that focuses on facilitating rather than defining the details or methods of the work of employees starts with making clear â€Å"what our responsibilities are and what we are being held accountable for” (p. 27). reality about goals feeds realistic work habits and guardianship to achievement of those goals.\r\nAs leaders, managers must both(prenominal) permit and enable disclosure and/or feedback by group members in an environment of psycholo-gical safety (Hamilton & Parker, 2001), which is also a hallmark of democratic systems. Equally, managers must be alert to non-verbal as well as verbal cues that may supply information about a groups performance and attitude. Hamilton and Parker give the (nonverbal) example of the prestige attached to break offices as having the potential to affect the quality of workplace morale.\r\nTime management, too, sends messages about the word form of equality associated with democracy: Being late for meetings may stigmatize employees (Hamilton & Parker, 2001, p. 160) but send the message that some people (for example, managers) who are late when others (for example, secretaries) are on time are en-titled to be so. To be effective, democratic styles of leader-ship lead by example, with leaders asking nothing of subordi-nates that they are not equipped to do themselves.\r\n'

'Operational management Essay\r'

'1. Viking stitch Machines ltd, a heroic telephoner, was engaged in manufacturing and marketing nursing home fix machines including electronic models and low priced robotlike models. Sale of domestic stitchery machines was declining each(prenominal) over the solid ground in batch of the increasing popularity of readymade garments produced by companies using industrial sewing machines. At this stage there was a win over in the possession of Viking in 1997, when the CEO resigned and a juvenile CEO took way. Under his leadership, Viking considered the following agency statements for the troupe:\r\na. To develop, produce, market and sell sewing machines and related harvest-times which enhance the joy of imaginative sewing; b. To be consumer driven confederation ensuring growth, profitability and achievement by providing well-made satisfaction to the consumers and our monger partners by unceasingly adding abide by to the Viking brand; c. To be recognize as the lead ing premier sewing machine every last(predicate)iance in the world; and d. To expand our barter by creating train for to a greater extent notional uses of sewing. Which one of the preceding(prenominal) mission statements should the comp all squeeze and wherefore?\r\nAnswer\r\nEvery produceion line had to be managed and operated with a long term seted goal. So, they compulsion to forecast about the upcoming rising of the company and that forecasting should be do in such a bearing so that it can be more effective and efficient for the cheek in the long run. Here, the competitors had already beat the Viking Sewing Machine ltd. So to stay in the competitive market, Viking Sewing Machine ltd should adopt such a constitution so that they can be sustainable in the market. Therefore, in order to be sustainable Viking Sewing Machine ltd should follow the snatch mission statement â€Å"to be a consumer driven company ensuring growth, profitability and success by providing su perior satisfaction to the consumers and our dealer patter and by continuously adding value to the Viking Brand.”\r\nBecause, consumers are the key assets for any company. When consumers leave be satisfied with the product they consider purchased, they themselves go out repeatedly buy the products and they entrust promote the product by themselves to their backing mum persons. Thus the company would gain nigh cherished customers which leave alone help them to be stable in the market. Again, when Viking will contain a good relation to their dealers (supply fibril management is very important for every organization), they will be very successful for working with such a company. They will also be loyal with the company and will do for the progress of the company always.\r\n2. For more than ten years boulder clay 1995, Laboni stores ltd was successfully running a a keep d throw of retail stores selling cosmetics and clamber care products. From 1996, sales were stagn ating and now aft(prenominal) a year had started declining. The general four-in-hand of the company made enquiries from stores in charge at various locations of stores. All of them report that ladies, particularly the younger generation, were found to be highly discriminating about prime(prenominal) of products. Demand for certain branded items widely fluctuated due to movie artists’ preferences shown on the TV. as well as there is a marketed tendency to compare quality with rice. The general managed decided to arrest environmental analysis carried out with a focus on changes in kindly and cultural factors among urban ladies On that innovation he even thought of recommending to the bill of fare of directors a complete change in the product lines to be decided.\r\nDo you conceive of the GM was right in his grasp along regarding environmental scanning? What oppositewise factors in the environment needed analysis? If there was a the whole way change in tastes and preferences of buyers of certain products, is it essential for the company to conquer over to a opposite product line?\r\nAnswer\r\nEvery organization in the world needs to modify their business model in close to context. When the demand for their products starts to decline due to the change in tastes and preferences of their customers and their competitive pressure keep increasing, they should grab a new policy for their company that to be sustaining in the competitive market. Here, considering the above mentioned fact, I would assign that yes, the general manager was right in his approach regarding environmental scanning of the product. Because by scanning the environment, the company would able to admit the actual demand of their products and some other factors which are hampering their market such as the quality of their competitors product, what new demand pull through in the market, what their customer wants, which innovation should they read . As there was a clear c hange in the tastes and preferences of their customers of certain products, the company should switch over to a different product line based on the results they have found from the scanning of the environment.\r\n3. Avik industries ltd was a family owned conglomerate with diversified business activities including consumers’ durables, switchgears, batteries and both toilate and washing soapes. For a number of years the company prospered with growth in volumes and market share. But its performance had transposition in 1999, when the net margins in switchgears, the nearly profitable product, declined from 12 to 11%, opus in consumer durables it had halved to 6%, the batteries business was under pressure, and the ailing soaps variant had just started assisting up. The chief executive of the switchgear unit of measurement observed that the results would have been worse merely for the focus on operational efficiency.\r\nFor years, Avik had been bump off along four division s as self-directed profit centres. Except for HR and finance, either other functions were decentralized. The advantage was that each of the businesses had a strong focus. It also facilitated customer focus. The flipside was that divisions became insular and inward looking. Each division had its own ad budget even disconnected ad agencies. The sales force was pushed to look at short term product promotions in the face of competitive pressure. The equal of sales was rising much faster than rate of growth in sales. It seemed divisional autonomy had been pushed too far shoot down the line.\r\nShould the divisional set up be disbanded? Or, should the divisions be converted into SBUs and spun off into recrudesce companies? Is there any other pick structure possible?\r\nAnswer\r\n decentalisation makes all(prenominal)(a) individual more creative as their stopping points get more valued from the top take of the organization. So they get more encouraged to take all the purposes of the company very carefully as they know that they will be tough well for a better ending in future. Now considering the mentioned fact, my suggestion would be neither the divisional set up should be disbanded nor a single division should be converted in to founder companies.\r\nRather, Avik industries ltd should disbanded their decision of decentralizing their all other departments. I would say that the decentralization would be very better for the company. And altogether, the SBUs must be added into all their disconnected departments. Henceforth, the decentralization will allow all other departments to make their own decision and the SBUs will typeset all the information of the organization from all the separated departments together. Thus, the management board and all others can look for every decision of their organization that had taken in separated departments and would be able to make any correction if they needed in future. So, the decision would mostly come from the top level of the company which will bring the betterment for the company.\r\n'

'Foreign Born American Writers Essay\r'

'American literature has changed and evolved from the early compound days to develop characteristics that are bizarre and which identify it from another(prenominal) literary whole shebang. several(prenominal) writers have contributed to the development of American literature. nearly of these writers immigrated into the linked States and their works were accepted into the American literary canon. Some of the notable irrelevant natural American writers include Vladimir Nabokov, Isaac Bashevis singer, and CzesA‚aw MiA‚osz (Czeslaw Milosz).\r\nVladimir Nabokov was born in Russia in 1899 and moved to the United States in 1940 together with his family. Nabokov produced both manufacture and non-fiction works including novels, curtly stories, drama, poetry, and some translations. Among his works is his 13th novel titled Pnin create in 1957 and built around the life of a Russian professor who moves into the US as a refugee and the challenges that the professor encounter s in a reinvigorated world (Boyd 271-287).\r\nIsaac Singer was a Jewish American actor born in Poland and was the 1978 Nobel Prize achiever in literature. Among his many collections is Gimpel the jester and other Stories published in 1960. It has twelve short stories with a mix of contemporary and menage legend aspects and heavily based on Jewish life in Poland (Kirkus). natural in 1911 Poland, Czeslaw Milosz became an American citizen in 1970. Milosz is know for his poetry, essays, prose, and translations.\r\nHe was the Nobel Prize winner in 1980 for his literary works. His A Magic kettle of fish poem reflects his personal experiences of living in Berkeley, CA (Kirkus). The three writers have original various recognitions for their contribution to the American literature. to each one of the writers has written about his life experiences in the US depicting the differences and the challenges of adapting to a new world. References Boyd, Brian. Vladimir Nabokov: The American Years.\r\nPrinceton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 1991. Kirkus Rev. of Bells in wintertime by Czeslaw Milosz. New York, NY: Ecco Press (1978). 2010. 5 May 2010. < http://books. google. co. ke/books? id=THVhAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_book_other_versions> Kirkus Rev. of Gimpel the Fool and other Stories by Isaac Singer. New York, NY: Farrar, Strauss, and Giroux. (1960). 2010. 5 May 2010. < http://books. google. co. ke/books? id=yZJnPwAACAAJ&dq=isaac+bashevis+singer+gimpel+the+ lounge around&source=gbs_book_other_versions>\r\n'

'Godfather Goodfellas Essay\r'

'The Godfather and Goodfellas be twain considered â€Å"mafia movies. ” Both of these photographic frivol aways portray few form of organized crime connected by Italians. They mutu all toldy romanticize the menage lifestyle and depict it with pure clarity. Although some(prenominal) of these movies portray the lives of the same kind of people, they are more than just a unprejudiced char representerization. Violence plays a major character reference in each of these films. The Godfather and Goodfellas are evidently real similar. However, they also have some(prenominal) aspects that differ from maven another. In some(prenominal) The Godfather and Goodfellas, violence penetrates the daily lives of both henry hillock and Michael Corleone.Although violence is a recognise factor of each of the movies, Goodfellas is more inhumane in compari give-and-take to The Godfather. In the film Goodfellas, hydrogen Hill was exposed to the battalionster lifestyle since he was very young. In the film Henry says, â€Å"As furthermost stand as I force step to the fore remember, I wanted to be a gangster. ” His out-of-control partner, turkey cockmy is one of the most unwarranted characters in the film. Blood shed is frequently joked rough in this movie. In one of the dead reckonings, Tommy was verbalize a story in a restaurant. After the story Henry laughs and tells Tommy that he is funny.Upon hearing this, Tommy gets defensive and loses his temper. For a fleck Henry is nervous because he knows Tommy’s rough personality. However, he realizes that hw is joking and they all laugh or so it. Tommy proceeds to beckon his gun around and joke about killing Henry. This scene proves that murder is interpreted lightly in this movie. some other violent act is when Tommy brutally beats a mobster named wand Batts to death. He kills Billy for insulting him about his younger years as a shoe impress boy. In this scene even Henry looks appalle d. Tommy shows no remorse as they efface the evidence of Batts’ body.He continues to surprise the characters with his short temperedness and violence. Another shocking vicious act is when he kills Spider because he was disrespecting him. This scene leaves both the viewing audience the characters in the film appalled. in that respect are many scenes in Goodfellas with a great deal of beginning shed. many an(prenominal) of these murders happen spontaneously and are not organized. Some of these scenes are shocking, primeval, and churn up. These moments leave the viewers stunned and disoriented. inappropriate Goodfellas, the violence in The Godfather occurs mysteriously and almost magically.The organized crimes and murders exactly occur without any mistake in this film. One of the bloody(a) scenes that portray this is the one where Woltz’ bed is covered in blood. This scene was very slick the way Tom Hagen slipped away without being noticed by anyone. Hagenâ€℠¢s visit was to intimidate Woltz by proving that if he had to kill him, he would be able to. Another very violent act was Sonny’s death. This project was organized guardedly by father Emilio Varzini with the help of Carlo Rizzi, his brother-in-law. Earlier in the film Sonny had beaten Carlo after he heard Carlo was ab using his sister Connie.To get back at him, Carlo viciously beats Connie using his belt. When Sonny hears of this he speeds to Connie’s apartment. As he approaches, Barzini’s men tease Sonny and viciously shoot him to death. This act was also thought out very cautiously by masterminds. Towards the end of the movie, the aforethought(ip) killing of the five other mob leaders is revealed. Michael orders all of the head of the families to be killed so he can be the top Don. Although this scene is violent, it is masked by the ceremony of Michael becoming Connie’s son’s godfather.The mass murder was absolutely planned to take place at t he right time and place. Every beating and violent act in The Godfather is carefully intentional and prearranged by their specific mastermind. dissimilar The Godfather which portrays Mafia dons, Goodfellas shows the lives of the criminals who exist on a lower level. Both Henry Hill and Michael Corleone face murders and beatings every day. Goodfellas is more direct and brutal towards violence in affinity to The Godfather. The violent acts in Goodfellas are appalling and unpredictable.It perfectly portrays the ferociousness of the characters, specifically Tommy. Unlike Goodfellas’ obviously violent and vicious blood scenes, The Godfather is more sneaky and slick. The violence in this movie, while prevalent, is well masked and planned. each murder was clearly thought out and intentional. Violence is one of the key components in a mobster’s life. The characters in both The Godfather and Goodfellas face murder in their mob lifestyles frequently. Although violence is dom inant in both of these films, each film has a different way of portraying these bloody scenes.\r\n'

'Neuron and Chemical Synapse\r'

'Nervous dust II: Anatomy Review 1. The somatic anxious system stimulates ____________ muscle. The involuntary nervous system stimulates ___________ muscle, ____________ muscle, and ___________. 2. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) consists of two divisions, each innervating the effecter organs. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) largely speeds up everything except digestion. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) generally slows down everything but digestion. Signals from the SNS bring forth the heart appraise to _________, while betokens from the PNS cause the heart rate to ___________.Signals from the SNS cause smooth muscles of the intestine to _________ contractions, while signals from the PNS cause these muscles to _________ contractions. Signals from the SNS overly cause the adrenal gland to _________ epinephrine and norepinephrine. 3. Neurons scum bag excite or inhibit another(prenominal) nerve cell. evoke another nerve cell lead increase the chances of a/an _ __________________ in the second neuron. Inhibiting another neuron will make the chances of a/an __________________ less likely. 4. Axons from one neuron can synapse with the dendrites or soma of another axone.These synapses argon called ______________________ (on dendrites) and _________________________ (on soma). They carry input signals to the other neuron. Axons from one neuron can synapse with the axon terminal of another neuron. These synapses argon called ________________________, and they regulate the amount of ________________________ released by the other neuron. 5. The galvanising synapse: Electrical current flows from one neuron to another through _________________. These synapses ar always (excitatory or inhibitory). Advantages of the galvanising synapses: . _______ signal conduction 2. _____________ activity for a convocation of neurons. 6. The chemical synapse: Chemical synapses are not as fast as electrical but are the most common type of synapse. A chemical, ca lled a/an ______________________, is released from the sending neuron and travels across the ___________________(a gap between the neurons) to the receiving neuron. Advantages of the chemical synapse: 1. The signal can be all ____________ or ____________. 2. The signal can be ______________ as it passes from one neuron to the next. 7.The neuron conducting the impulse toward the synapse is called the __________________ neuron. The axon terminal contains ___________ ____________ filled with ______________________. An action potential in the axon terminal of the _____________ neuron causes the chemical sender ____________________ to be released. It diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors on the ________________ membrane. These receptors open __________________. The movement of the charged particles causes an electrical signal called a/an _______________________.\r\n'

'The Difficulties Which International Students Face\r'

'Introduction:This article is nearly the troubles which internationalist school-age childs face, particularly for Asiatic pupils, including fantasy elans, larning attitudes and compo carol and demonstrate address. In malice of its publication day of the month, it is slake helpful for us to construe the international students` affirm of personal matters abroad. In the textual matter, the writers argue all the issues ar rooted in traditionalistic civilization. In general, the authors` argumentations ar commonsensible, but to nearly specific instances their positions be no durable accommodate. The grounds involve the development of educational activity within the approximative 20 gaga ages and their restrictions of eyepiece positions. In this paper, ratings about every nous archetype argon presented. About the state of affairss which the authors` musical themes argon non suited, to a greater extent or slight suggestions be indicated. As for the applicable statements, more(prenominal) than groundss atomic number 18 provided to endorse up.Background:In this twenty-four hours and age, rather a few of Asiatic pupils go abroad to analyze. However, in that respect be some typical troubles they mustiness go bad the better of beca work of their unlettered inclination. In Ballard and Clanchy`s look, the innate inclination wholly stem from oriental tradition, which is a typical get of view in the yesteryear. round subsequent research taken by David Kember and Lyn Gow indicates that the issues vector sum from the course of study and learning environment [ 1 ] . With the development of the instruction system in Asiatic states, the issues seem to be fade away during late old ages. Asiatic international pupils become more and more familiar to westerly civilization, and they can grow by with the assignment from their lector more swimmingly. This invites probes in past clip become unsuitable, so some updating studies are necessary to cover newborn state of affairss.Summary:The rubric of the article is â€Å"ethnical fluctuation: Troubles for Student Studying Abroad” . It is from a phonograph record named â€Å"Study Abroad: A Manual for Asiatic Students” written by Ballard and Clanchy ( 1984 ) .\r\nIn this article, the writers argue deuce-ace chief troubles that Asian international pupils face in their perusal procedure. Further, the writers suggest Asiatic pupils seting their perusal panache for successful survey abroad.\r\nThe first chief thought in the text is about fluctuations of thought tact. As the writers say, incompatible thought and learnedness tendencys lead to various consequences, which stem from changing civilizations. A peculiar model of a Nipponese pupil who adjusted his intent and adapted his essay construction to run into his lector`s demand is utilized to back up the chief point.\r\nThe fluctuation in larning attitudes is argued as the second chief thought. In t he authors` sentiment, different educational traditions make out different larning attitudes. Then different larning attacks, including generative, analytical and bad, are presented in peculiar instruction degrees, although they are non apart(p) wholly. The writers quote triple Asiatic students` words and make an Indonesian postgraduate`s state of affairs to endorse up their chief thought.\r\nThe other chief thought concerns differences in physical composition and presenting discretion. Five trenchant authorship forms, including English, Romance, Russian, Semitic and Oriental forms, are describe in the text ( Kaplan 66: 1-20 ) . As indicated, a typical illustration of a Thailand pupil whose thesis was crossed out by his Australian supervisor suggests that different authorship manners differ widely.\r\nAs the authors` suggestions, a more analytical and critical acquirement attack is expected for Asiatic international pupils to arrive at in their survey.Critique ( general ) :By and self-aggrandizing talking, the three chief troubles pointed out in this article are sensible. Although this article was published in 1984, the jobs even outlive in current international pupils. The determine stemming from traditional civilization is important, which can non be eliminated within about twenty old ages. The thought and authorship manners which are trained during their studying procedure unnoticeably, still act upon international pupils.\r\nSomething different, nevertheless, has happened in these twenty old ages. Internationalization has been an unstoppable inclination, for which relationships between states has become more and more closed. In the tendency, instruction internationalisation is a representative 1. Compared with the state of affairs in 1984, a good deal more pupils go abroad to analyze, particularly for pupils from develop states. With the figure of international pupils increasing, abroad analyzing is no longer cryptic or unachievable. Most p upils who are manipulate to travel abroad can acquire often utile information from cyberspace and relevant agents. As the consequence of this, pupils are comparative familiar to the instruction environment abroad. Additionally, they normally can acquire existential cognition from forthgoers. Therefore, they are able to set themselves to the outlooks of unknown quantity universities more easy, In add-on, a series of lingual communication trials and record scrutinies are developed to countenance that pupils who are admitted by foreign universities can last in another state.Critique ( specific ) :As the statement above, the chief thoughts argued in this article is still sensible at present, nevertheless, the state of affairs has changed. So to a certain extent, the descriptions in the text are no longer suited.\r\nAs the authors` averment, the fluctuations in believing manners stemming from traditional civilizations, made the Nipponese pupil move in his first twelvemonth. Sing the beginning of fluctuations, it must be true, but this illustration should be an net one. Normally, the believing manner of oriental pupils is suggestive. They ever make attempt to avoid measuring subjects true(p). When they are sing a subject, they normally think over the influence of primer foremost. With the debuts of western educational civilization, nevertheless, most pupils are likely to compare the positions and poster the subject, although they may run the background at first. In Chinese auxiliary school, many assignments are to reason the chief thoughts of watchful texts and measure these chief thoughts from your ain point of view. finished preparation like this pupils obtain the capableness to measure the comparative virtues. So the description as the text presented, merely may go on in utmost instance. With the increasing of the acquaintance to western thought form, the similar extreme instance should be less likely to go on.\r\nAbout the different scholarship sc hemes mentioned in this article, the writers claim that it is needed to develop a more analytical and critical acquisition manner for many Asiatic pupils. It should be a thinkable recommendation at that minute. However, in today`s school, non merely universities or colleges, but similarly secondhand schools, it is paid attending to analysis ability. Basically, the instructors and lectors encourage pupils to need inquiries and believe more deeply. In this manner, pupils are essential non merely to retrieve the cognition points, but besides to understand how the procedure is traveling. In add-on, many universities in China set up financess to back up undergraduates to take experiments. Then, pupils who want to make some research in peculiar Fieldss are encouraged to use them. In this manner, students` bad capablenesss are cultivated. Furthermore, harmonizing to relevant research, in that location is no important difference between Australian and Asiatic pupils [ 2 ] . As reporte d, Asiatic pupils are non rote scholars. In other words, the generative acquisition scheme is non directed towards Asiatic pupils. Then, for Australian pupils, the vanquish manner to larn is besides to retrieve and understand by bosom. For these grounds, the authors` averments about these three acquisition attacks are non in conformity with facts and suited to the development of instruction.\r\nRefering authorship manners, the writers cite Robert Kaplan`s theory to explicate the changing authorship manners successfully. For oriental authors, explicating the issue straight is a blunt manner which lacks of ideations. In their positions, a better manner to show their thoughts is to depict the background and the influence factors as deductions. The terminal consequences should be obtained by readers themselves. As the writers suggest, this indirect authorship attack is non suited to academic thesis in Australian universities. In western scholars` positions, the â€Å"relevant descript ions” are non relevant at all. It is a existent difference between western and eastern authorship accomplishments, while it is unneeded to treat which 1 is more advanced. Expect from the fluctuations between different civilizations, the differences between each academic subject are besides mentioned in the text. In this twenty-four hours and age, more and more interdisciplines are developed, for which flexible authorship manners are required. Additionally, as a comparatively nonsubjective authorship manner, scientific discipline and technology articles should be paid more attending to pull readers.Decisions:In this paper, in connexion with every chief point mentioned in the original article, ratings are provided. By and large talking, the authors` chief thoughts are still applicable at present phase, although in this article there are some inside informations should be changed to accommodate sophisticated instruction. When the writers are comparing with Asiatic students` pl ants and Australian lectures` outlooks, utmost illustrations are cited. This is the biggest failing, because it ignores the general position. Deductions of this article are that pupil who study abroad should larn how to set himself to the demand.Mentions:David Kember, Lyn Gow: A Challenge to Anecdotal Stereotype of the Asiatic Student, 1991.F. Sushila Niles: Cultural Differences in Learning Motivation and Learning Schemes: A Comparison of Overseas and Australian Students at an Australian University, 1995.\r\n'

'Sizes of the areas also differ\r'

'One of the few places on humankind that has continued to fascinate people for centuries is the Bermuda trilateral. The Devil’s Triangle Vincent Gaddis, credited with putting the trigon â€Å"on the map” in a 1964 Argosy feature, described the triangle as extending from Florida to Bermuda, southwest to Puerto Rico and back to Florida by means of the Bahamas; while another author puts the apexes of the triangle someplace in Virginia, on the western coast of Bermuda and well-nigh Cuba, Domini skunk Republic and Puerto Rico (Rosenberg, 1974).Sizes of the areas too differ, with descriptions ranging from 500,000 to 1. 5 million square miles. The geography of the area is perplexing. The humid subtropical climate of the region brings it an annual atrocious rain downfall in excess of 60 inches (152 cm). hazardous hurricanes and harsh thunderstorms occasionally drop 10 inches of rain within hours. The floor area of the region has in addition not been totally mapped out because it varies greatly in depth. The Florida coastline is shallow but farther off, the ground dear sink to depths of thousands of feet.About 100 miles north of Puerto Rico is the complexest expound of the Atlantic, the Puerto Rico Trench, estimated at 30,000 feet deep while the Florida mountain pass within this area are approximately 5000 feet deep (â€Å"Bermuda Triangle”). Mysteries in the Bermuda Christopher Columbus †in his journals, he recounts a bizarre experience when his channel ran into the gulfweed Sea. He could see no land in sight for miles and his compass acted strangely. He saw a big meteoric ball fall from the thumb before Columbus and his crew saw dancing lights in the horizon.They wandered about in the Carribbean for over a week yet before finally spy land (â€Å"Bermuda Triangle”). 1974 †Charles Berlitz wrote the book, The Bermuda Triangle. It sold more than 18 million copies and translated into 30 languages. The publication was followed by a documentary by Richard Winer (Hagen, 2004). The more popular incidents accept the following (â€Å"Startling New Secrets”): ? March 6, 1918, the USS Cyclops, a huge collier used to carry combust to facilitate US Navy operations during ball War I, with a crew of 306, disappeared en send off from Barbados to Virginia.? January 30, 1921, a cargo schooner, the Carroll Deering, was found adrift at Diamond Shoals near North Carolina without a residence of its crew. ? December 5, 1945, five US Navy bombers on a training exercise became disoriented and consequently disappeared. Search-and-rescue (SAR) operations were unsuccessful, and one of the SAR vessels, a Mariner aircraft, also vanished. ? January 30, 1948, the Star Tiger, a four-engined Tudor IV with 31 people on board vanished on a flight to Bermuda from the Azores.? January 17, 1949, the Star Ariel, another Tudor IV would vanish on the same region with 19 passengers on board. ? October 30, 1954, Flight 441 , a U. S. Navy R7V-1 (the multitude version of a Lockheed Super Constellation) crewed by 42 sailors, disappeared between Patuxent River NAS and Lajes, Azores ? February 3, 1963, the SS Marine Sulphur Queen, vanished en track to Virginia from Texas with a crew of 39, shortly after it radioed its countersink near Key West, Florida. Three days after, a lifeboat from the tanker was found by Coast obligate searchers but no bodies or wreckage was recovered.? December 22, 1967. A cabin cruiser with the ironic name of witchcraft disappeared off the Miami coast. These coincidences only fascinated the people crimson more. Theories Behind the Mysteries Countless theories have been proposed to explain the many disappearances that occur in this area (â€Å"The Bermuda Triangle”). ? The Bermuda Triangle is one of the two places on earth that a magnetized ompass point towards true north, a alteration of as much as 20 degrees toward the magnetic north.The navigator who does not reali ze this would find himself in deep trouble. ? The character of the Gulf Stream silken through the area is swift and turbulent and can quickly erase any evidence of a disaster. ? Dr. Ben Clennell of Leeds University in England theorizes that the high concentration of methane hydrates below the ocean bottom often clocks escape during events of landslides making any ship floating above sink. ? The Triangle is a admittance to another dimension and it opens at certain time intervals\r\n'

'Napoleon Was A Child Of The Enlightenment Essay\r'

'Assess the validity of this mastery by using specific policies and attitudes of Napoleon.\r\nI appreciate saying â€Å"Napoleon was a child of the reason” is not correct thing. It is true that he strengthened the France world advocate, but he was an absolute authoritarian that did tyranny and abolished the right that was newly gained. He was a very innovative ruler. only although he win from the every state of war until he lost from the war with Russia, and enjoyed the victory, this caused the huge side effects and great accessible confusion and disorder across the Europe. As the France triad national spirits are â€Å"Freedom”, â€Å"equation”, and â€Å"Philanthropy”, Napoleon spread these spirits to the conquered area. But the problem is as France intended the equality and the over-embellished authority of king was weaker than other, this naturally threatened the power and royal authority to monarchies. This caused Europe conflict severally other after(prenominal) the Napoleon domination, Divided by two groups: Maintaining the cut spirit that Napoleon spread, and liberation back to the age before Napoleon domination. Second, after the French Revolution that was held by publics, the gender secernment was disappeared. This means, the equal rights were given to the women for the first time of the French history. But as he accessed the power, he abolished this salient revolution and change for increasing the stability or France.\r\n'

'Importance of Information Communication Technology in Technical Education\r'

'IMPACT OF THE riding habit OF INTERNET ON TECHNICAL COLLEGE VOCATIONAL STUDENTS’ donnish PERFORMANCE IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA ABSTRACT This reflect is k instantaneouslying to throttle the shock absorber of the wont of net on technical foul college vocational students’ faculty memberian performance in Ogun State, Nigeria.The purpose of the find out among other things foc spends on identifying the attitudes of students toward the physical exercise of net; to determine the purpose of lucre custom by students; to catch out the intensity of internet usage by students and to find out whether the practice session of internet improves the academic performance of students or non. quite a little method was choose the search. Data were collected from mavenness hundred and twoscore (140) technical college students in septenary (7) technical colleges Ogun State, Nigeria. fashion and standard deviation were use to answer the search questions.Interviews were also conducted with students to compliment the entropy collected The findings of the study reveals that well-nigh of the secondary nurture students access ready reckoner connected to the internet by dint of the use of the cyber cafe or settings open to the humans; the students spend more(prenominal) than of their time outside the groom and their homes to use the internet; fe manlike students are more disposed to the use of the internet for social mesh topologying than their male counterparts; most of the fussy sites students visit on the internet are not for academic engagements or develop work; most of the devices used are connected to the internet by dint of the use of modem and the use of internet engine room instal signifi preservet relationship with students academic achievement and it motivates the students to lead off along with schoolwork. The study so far recommended that technology should be embraced in each(prenominal) technical colleges in Ogun State, Nigeria.KEYWORDS: universe Wide sack up, net income, Technology, Modem, and Devices INTRODUCTION good colleges of today sacrifice come of age in this new breeding revolution. From the time they started elementary school, the field Wide net existed. Many of them were using the Web early in their school careers. Technology is now used doneout the world for gathering cultivation, care records, distance culture, and worldwide collaboration for lifelong learning and work. Its pervasive use cut across closely all aspects of recent life including business, industry, communication and fun warrants continued efforts on the part of educators to confirmatively orchestrate students for participation in a technological world.The Internet is one of the sterling(prenominal) recent advancement in the world of info technology and has become a useful doer that has fostered the process of making the world a global village. The internet provides several opportunities for the acad emia. It is a mechanism for tuition dissemination and a median(a) for collaborative fundamental interaction between individuals and their calculating machines without regard for geographic limitation of space. The countersignature Internet is derived from two linguistic communication: â€Å"international” and â€Å" lucre”. The Internet therefore can be specify as an international computer network of information unattached to the public through modem links so internet is a ecumenical system of conjugate computers networks.The Internet is the world’s largest and most wide used network. It is an international network of networks that is a allurement of hundreds of thousands of private and public networks all over the world. in that respect are rich and wide-ranging learning experiences available on the Internet that would absorb been inconceivable scarcely a short duration ago. The investigators observed that interrogation reports and articles on th e effectiveness of technology in the student-learning surroundings reflect a assortment of opinions and conclusions. On one end of the continuum, supporters cite research studies showing the positive impact of technology on student learning. On the other end, critics present\r\n magnificence of Information Communication Technology in skilful Education\r\nIMPACT OF THE USE OF INTERNET ON TECHNICAL COLLEGE VOCATIONAL STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA ABSTRACT This study is designed to determine the impact of the use of internet on technical college vocational students’ academic performance in Ogun State, Nigeria.The purpose of the study among other things focuses on identifying the attitudes of students toward the use of internet; to determine the purpose of internet usage by students; to find out the intensity of internet usage by students and to find out whether the use of internet improves the academic performance of students or not. Survey meth od was adopted the research. Data were collected from one hundred and forty (140) technical college students in seven (7) technical colleges Ogun State, Nigeria. Means and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions.Interviews were also conducted with students to compliment the data collected The findings of the study reveals that most of the secondary school students access computer connected to the internet through the use of the cyber cafe or settings open to the public; the students spend more of their time outside the school and their homes to use the internet; female students are more disposed to the use of the internet for social networking than their male counterparts; most of the special sites students visit on the internet are not for academic engagements or school work; most of the devices used are connected to the internet through the use of modem and the use of internet technology show significant relationship with students academic achievement and it motivates the students to get along with schoolwork. The study however recommended that technology should be embraced in all technical colleges in Ogun State, Nigeria.KEYWORDS: World Wide Web, Internet, Technology, Modem, and Devices INTRODUCTION Technical colleges of today have come of age in this new information revolution. From the time they started elementary school, the World Wide Web existed. Many of them were using the Web early in their school careers. Technology is now used throughout the world for gathering information, keeping records, distance learning, and global collaboration for lifelong learning and work. Its pervasive use cut across almost all aspects of modern life including business, industry, communication and entertainment warrants continued efforts on the part of educators to positively prepare students for participation in a technological world.The Internet is one of the greatest recent advancement in the world of information technology and has become a useful instrument that has fostered the process of making the world a global village. The internet provides several opportunities for the academia. It is a mechanism for information dissemination and a medium for collaborative interaction between individuals and their computers without regard for geographic limitation of space. The word Internet is derived from two words: â€Å"international” and â€Å"network”. The Internet therefore can be defined as an international computer network of information available to the public through modem links so internet is a worldwide system of linked computers networks.The Internet is the world’s largest and most widely used network. It is an international network of networks that is a collection of hundreds of thousands of private and public networks all over the world. There are rich and varied learning experiences available on the Internet that would have been inconceivable just a short while ago. The investigators observed that research reports and articles on the effectiveness of technology in the student-learning environment reflect a variety of opinions and conclusions. On one end of the continuum, supporters cite research studies showing the positive impact of technology on student learning. On the other end, critics present\r\n'

'Benefits and limitations of airport security scanners1 Essay\r'

'Benefits and limitations of airport protective covering s coffin nailners\r\nIntroduction\r\n The tribute and welf atomic number 18 of mountain is truly important in a society. In graze to ensure that large number argon secure and safe, well-nigh measures whitethorn be employed although they whitethorn be controversial. The example of airport tribute s terminates represents much(prenominal) a circumstance. The plentiful physical structure scanners be utilise fall upon objects that ar on the body of an individual for auspices reasons without requiring the individual to remove their clothes or call for bodily contact with the device. Statistics indicate that as of celestial latitude 2013 an estimated 740 scanners ( adequate body scanners) these devices were in use at more(prenominal) than 150 airports in the United States (TSA). They are in force(p) in identifying queer objects that a person may be carrying. However, there are concerns whether use of t he beat body actual really is a inevitable precaution or a practice that invades the cover of travelers.\r\n The devices are effective in come acrossing suspicious objects that may be concealed including both bi surfacelic and non-metallic objects. As opposed to metal sensors which identify objects that are made of metallic materials, the scanners used in airports detect both metal and non-metallic objects. They uncover objects that a physical pat-down would reveal but fail to be place by a metal detector such(prenominal) as chemical explosives and plastic explosives. The device thus performs the function of both a metal detector and a physical pat-down in revealing different dangerous devices at airports. People who have sullen motives or who desire to break the law by moving unlawful items through airports would thereof non be able to succeed in perpetuating their plans because of the mien of the scanners. The primary objective of the scanners is thence a chieved and safety of passengers as well as national security is secured.\r\n The item that it performs the duties of both a physical pat-down and a metal detector means that the device facilitates time redeeming(a) and is cost effective (TSA). Regardless of the high cost incurred in purchasing and installing it, the device would stand in two security cautions responsible for(p) for physical pat-downs ( whiz guard for each gender). The airport using the device would hence save on wages for two people and less time would be consumed compared to the time used during a physical pat-down.\r\n Physical pat-downs are considered by various people to be intrusive and full body scanners will a better substitute that is non as intrusive as pat-downs and that is more thorough. However, since they tacit find out the body of an individual in-depth, they still make people to spirit that their privacy has been invaded. In order to further protect the privacy of peo ple undergoing such scans, screeners are located in a different room from the individual where they can debate images without exposing the individuation of the person undergoing the scan (Tessler). In addition, security officers entering the viewing room are non allowed to enter with mobile phones, cameras or any gadgets that can take images and store or transmit them (Tessler). Still, fears appease that such images may be stored and used in other platforms such as uploading them to the internet. Authorities provide counterarguments such as the assertion that functions that are responsible for storage or transmission are not active but rather that they are handicapped prior to the installation of these devices in airports. This, though, does not overthrow the possibility of technicians managing to enable such functions. Furthermore, it is not sooner clear the reason behind inclusion of such functions in the device yet they get change prior to installation.\r\n The c ostly nature of full body scanners is a major limitation that raises the costs of inaugural for people wishing to enter the aviation industry. more than as they are costly, they fail to reveal objects that are hidden in body cavities and are not capable of revealing objects that are of low density. It is therefore apparent that full body scanner disdain of the significant popularity they have gained in combating security threats and iniquitous practices are incapable of combating drug smuggling that is kill through concealment of drugs in body cavities (Tessler).\r\n bountiful body scanners create a potential for torture or embarrassment of specific groups of people. The device can detect medical equipment that may be affiliated to body parts such as catheters and it may necessitate further examination to confirm the identity of the object detected (Gartner et al). This would embarrass the victim who would feel that they have been singled out because of their medi cal condition. Transgender people are also susceptible to such embarrassment as the scanners are capable of detecting prosthetics such as testicles and breasts and the need may arise to further examine individuals whose images indicate the presence of both breasts and testicles as one of the two body features may be an perform tool to conceal weapons, drugs or other illegal objects or objects not allowed through airport security (Gartner et al).\r\nConclusion\r\n Full body scanners are recommended to correct airport security and only few loopholes are existent like the inability to detect objects in body cavities. Although much criticism has been directed at the devices, much of it is only based on assumptions and not factual information. On the contrary, the benefits of the device are clear by real life examples therefore full body scanners are largely beneficial.\r\nReferences\r\nGartner M., Heyl M., Holstein A. and Thewalt A. What can the ‘raw’ scanner really see? Bild. 22 July 2010. Web. 8 April 2014\r\nTessler, Joelle. Airport full-body scanners have benefits, and limits. The Denver Post. 31 declination 2009. Web. 8 April 2014\r\nTransportation Security Administration, TSA. Advanced visualise Technology (AIT). 12 February 2014. Web. 8 April 2014\r\nSource written document\r\n'

'Aristotle and Weed Essay\r'

'What would Aristotle think about legalizing Marijuana? When attempting to speculate on how Aristotle would feel about this inquiry, I feel that scarce one thing must be addressed. What form of individual does marihuana make me, and does the legalization of marijuana increase or decrease a person’s ability to be happy and steady-going? What Kind of Person According to Aristotle, the difference betwixt animals and reality is our ability to quick of scentize and utilize intellectual. soldiery is at its most basic level rational animals.\r\nNon-rational beings only possess vegetative and appetitive aspects of their mind, whereas humans retain the most important, according to Aristotle, portion of the mind: the rational part. The reason that this is the most important is that it allows us to ascertain genuine happiness. Therefore, since animals and even children do zero(prenominal) possess the rational facet of the soul, they cannot achieve line up happiness. As huma ns, our advantage over non-rational beings is our ability to be happy, as defined by Aristotle. Happiness, he states, â€Å"is seemingly something complete and self-sufficient, since it is the end of the things achievable in action.\r\n” (NE 1097b20). So for Aristotle to approve of the legalization of it, marijuana would have to be something that would advance the happiness of humans and promote reason on the part of the soul. So does marijuana promote sensible choices and assist humans in our pastime for happiness? Well, when analyzed from a philosophical viewpoint, no. Using drugs diminishes our ability to utilize reason when set about with decisions. It modifies our mindset and transforms us from rational animals into just clear simple animals.\r\nDrugs can force one to twaddle with slurred speech, visibly alter their perceptions of what is going on around them, and even take their freedom of will. So the fact that marijuana decreases human ability to be rational, re asonable, and thus happy, I would have to say that Aristotle would scorn for most cases. However, medicative marijuana does promote happiness. If mortal has a disease in which the use of marijuana could numb his or her pain, I think that Aristotle would say that this is ok and good because it is assisting him or her in his or her quest for happiness, even if temporary.\r\nSo where would he expire the line between vice and virtue? I think that Aristotle would keep back the system that we have today. overabundance would be allowing everyone to purchase marijuana. Lack would be forbiddance it completely because it does have some benefits for the medical community. I think that the Mean would be allowing it to be apply for medicinal purposes only and not for public plan of attack because recurrent use does not promote rationalization and happiness. In conclusion, I think that Aristotle would not support the gain ground legalization of marijuana for personal use.\r\nAristotle would, however, not take action to ban it any win either. I think that he would be pith with how the system is today. Marijuana does have some medicinal benefits to people with painful diseases in that it creates, although fleeting, happiness. For normal people, however, repeated use of marijuana results in a deteriorated content to make rational decisions. It weakens our soul and forces us to contract irrational animals. This fact forces me to conclude that Aristotle would neither further nor reduce the current legal status of marijuana.\r\n'

'Living with Strangers Essay\r'

'To top the essence of uneasiness off, Hustvedt states that â€Å"On the subway, I found myself in insinuate contact with people I didn’t k at present, my consistency pressed so tightly against hem, I could reek their hair oils, perfumes and sweat. ” (p. 1, l. 4-16) This closeness is something that most of us, Hustvedt as well, saves solely to boyfriends and close family †This exclusiveness just survives because of the ‘Pretend it isn’t accident’-rule. Throughout the establish Hustvedt takes us pop up her memory-lane of New York, where she tell us the things that toilette eviscerate exactly why her view on urban animated is how it is. The ‘Pretend it isn’t happening’-rule seems to be the most visible theme in the see. To an outsider taking a stance against something that is clearly incorrectly seems logical, if not just nigh necessary.\r\nWhereas Hustvedt says that in New York that is ludicrous and almost ill ogical behavior, because of the possible outcomes when some one is asked to break-dance whatever they felt they had the right to do. This is allowed because of the aforementioned rule. To excuse her point further Siri Hustvedt exemplifies it for us. Hustvedts’ husband had witnessed a patch stepping on the subway with a lit cigarette, another(prenominal) man confronted him politely by stating that it’s iniquitous to smoke on he subway, the tobacco user had hence replied â€Å"Do you wanna die? To much luck the smoker had to get off the subway at the bordering stop, which resulted in a quick ending to the affairs, exclusively Hustvedt points out that this couldVe ended much, much worse. Siri Hustvedt almost attempts to vindicate the ‘pretend it isn’t happening’-rule, by wake the dangers ot not pretending. Hustvedt points out that New Yorkers barely withal notice that they’re doing it, it’s such a custom reaction to these situa tions that in the urban cities you’re increase with them †Just as you’re raised with table manners.\r\nTo exemplify this Siri Hustvedt mentions her female child, Sophie, who has adapted to the behavioral conformation already as â€Å"she feigns deafness when the inevitable frame character comes along and tries a pickup. ” (p. 2, l. 80-81) and that her daughter has been â€Å" civilization the frozen, blank expression that accompanies the Pretend law. ” (p. 2, 1. 76-77) In the a same(p) example Hustvedt explains that her daughter often gets hit on and some of these admirers are more stray than others.\r\n hotshot twenty-four hour period Sophie had experienced a man who had been shamelessly staring at her, but when he stepped ff the shack and the daughter didn’t, the man had thrown himself against the window and squall â€Å"l love you” at her. Sophie had felt humbled and frightened, but the man next to her had commented â€Å" It looks like you set about an admirer”. To this Siri Hustvedt explains that â€Å"His under description not barely defined the buffoonery inherent in the scene; it lifted my daughter out of the solitary misery that comes from being the object glass of unwanted attention among strangers. ” (p. 3, l. 92-94).\r\nThis example turns the essay towards a new point-of-view, whereas the reader started out ith having a understanding of displeasure and discomfort towards urban living, Hustvedt turns the entire essay around in the end where she enlightens us that urban living is not all that bad: â€Å"Nevertheless, compliments, insults, banter, smiles, and honorable conversations among strangers are part of the city’s noise, its stimulus, its charm. ” (p. 3, l. 102-104) in this quote, Hustvedt points out to us that isn’t not only incredibly dull, if urban animateness only rotated around â€Å"pretending it’s not happening”, but that is i t almost down-right impossible.\r\nShe also states that because of this rule, those who break it illuminate a turning point to everyday life and it’s those people who make urban living all the more charming. Siri Hustvedt mentions that â€Å"Sometimes a draft exchange with an unknown person marks you forever, not because it is profound but because it is uncommonly vivid. ” (p. 3, l. 112-113) and to end the essay she mentions a moment 20 years rather in her life, where a homeless man had called her pulchritudinous and asked her to dinner, and when she politely said ‘no’, he hence had grinned and aid â€Å"Lunch? This example not only supports her statement that it has indeed marked her forever, but it almost seems like what then wouldVe seemed rather creepy †now is a little comical and it probably purge lifts her spirit when thinking about it. l, for one, believe that the statement is as true as anything can be. It’s not always the deep c onversations you have with your family and close at hand(predicate) friends that mark you, it’s the sudden situations; because they’re not forced and that makes them all the more real and therefrom deep.\r\nI whitethorn not live in a true urban city like Copenhagen or New York, but the ‘pretend’-rule is everywhere †and because of that all of the times that it’s broken may seem a little odd or eve scary at first can make the rest of one’s day all the more interesting. A sudden compliment, a smile to a stranger or even a short conversation with someone about why the train is delayed †yet again. It gives one time to reflect over the minor things in life and sometimes it may even incite you Just how little you actually are †in a good way, of course.\r\n'